[india-drug] Re: Ofloxacin in children (2)

["amar biswas" <biswasamar23@yahoo.co.in>]

Ofloxacin in children (2)
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"Pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous ofloxacin in children with multidrug-resistant typhoid fever"

DB Bethell, NP Day, NM Dung, C McMullin, HT Loan, DT Tam, LT Minh, NT Linh, NQ Dung, H Vinh, AP MacGowan, LO White and NJ White 
Centre for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. 

The pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous ofloxacin (7.5 mg.kg of body weight-1 given over 30 min) were studied in an open crossover study of 17 Vietnamese children, aged between 5 and 14 years, with acute uncomplicated typhoid fever. Following oral administration, the median (95% confidence interval [CI]) time to peak concentration of ofloxacin in serum (Cmax) was 1.7 h (1.4 to 1.9 h) and the mean (95% CI) Cmax was 5.5 mg.liter-1 (4.7 to 6.3 mg.liter-1) compared with a Cmax of 8.7 mg.liter-1 (7.6 to 9.7 mg.liter-1) following the intravenous infusion. The median (95% CI) total apparent volume of distribution following the first intravenous dose, 1.35 liter.kg-1 (1.17 to 1.73 liter.kg-1), was significantly larger than that following the second dose, 0.99 liter.kg-1 (0.86 to 1.17 liter.kg-1; P < 0.0005), although the estimates for systemic clearance were similar: 0.255 liter.kg-1 h-1 (0.147 to 0.325 liter.kg-1 h-1) compared with 0.172 liter.kg-1 h-1 (0.127 to 0.292 liter.kg-1 h-1; P  = 0.14). The mean residence times (95% CI) following intravenous and oral administration were similar: 5.24 h (4.84 to 6.58 h) and 6.24 h (5.32 to 7.85 h), respectively. The mean (95% CI) oral bioavailability was 91% (74 to 109%). The peak concentrations in serum were 10 to 100 times higher than the maximum MICs for ofloxacin against multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhi isolated in this area. Although the systemic clearance values were higher than those reported previously for adults, these data overall suggest that weight-or area-adjusted dose regimens for the treatment of typhoid in older children should be the same as those for adults. 

This article has been cited by other articles: 

   Lozo, E., Riecke, K., Schwabe, R., Vormann, J., Stahlmann, R. (2002). Synergistic Effect of Ofloxacin and Magnesium Deficiency on Joint Cartilage in Immature Rats. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 1755-1759 [Abstract] [Full Text]   
   Wain, J., Hien, T. T., Connerton, P., Ali, T., M. Parry, C., Chinh, N. T. T., Vinh, H., Phuong, C. X. T., Ho, V. A., Diep, T. S., Farrar, J. J., White, N. J., Dougan, G. (1999). Molecular Typing of Multiple-Antibiotic-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi from Vietnam: Application to Acute and Relapse Cases of Typhoid Fever. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37: 2466-2472 [Abstract] [Full Text] 

Amar Biswas 
<biswasamar23@yahoo.co.in>  
[Please include area of work/affiliation, thank you!...Mod.]