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[e-med] Revue de presse


  • From: remed@remed.org
  • Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 08:00:11 -0400 (EDT)

E-MED: Revue de presse
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GlaxoSmithKline étend à 63 pays ses traitements anti-sida à bas prix
LONDRES, 11 juin (AFP) - 13h44

Le géant pharmaceutique britannique GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) a annoncé lundi
étendre à 63 pays son offre de traitements contre le sida et la malaria à
prix très réduits, et leur offir plus de médicaments.

Très critiqué pour sa réticence à faire don aux pays les plus pauvres de
médicaments contre ces maladies qui les affectent lourdement, GSK a
également annoncé dans un communiqué la création d'une commission spéciale
chargée de la "responsabilité sociale" au sein du groupe.

Cette commission sera présidée par Richard Sykes, membre du conseil
d'administration du groupe, qui "conseillera la direction sur les questions
importantes concernant les relations entre le groupe et la société".

Annoncée à l'occasion de la publication d'un rapport intitulé "Répondre au
défi", cette initiative étend la proposition présentée en février aux
organisations non-gouvernementales (ONG) de distribuer ses médicaments
contre le sida déjà vendus avec une réduction de 90% à une trentaine de
gouvernements.

Dans son communiqué, le groupe précise offrir ses tarifs préférentiels à
l'ensemble des pays les mois développés et toute l'Afrique sub-saharienne,
soit 63 pays.

Les produits concernés dans le traitement du sida sont également plus
nombreux: outre le Retrovir, l'Epivir et le Combivir, prévus dans les
accords précédents, GSK offrira également ses nouveaux médicaments Ziagen et
Agenerase, ainsi que son nouveau traitement combiné Trizivir (Ziagen, Epivir
et Retrovir).

Aux traitements contre le sida s'ajoutent en outre ceux contre la malaria,
une des maladies les plus répandues au monde.

Mais le groupe souhaite s'assurer que les traitements ne sont pas utilisés à
mauvais escient, ce qui risquerait de favoriser une résistance du virus aux
traitements. Il travaillera donc en étroite coopération avec les
gouvernements et ses autres partenaires du programme pour que les
médicaments soient "utilisés de façon appropriée et efficace par les
patients auxquels ils sont destinés".

"Nous pensons vraiment apporter une importante contribution à la santé des
pays en voie de développement", a souligné le directeur général de GSK,
Jean-Pierre Garnier, cité dans le communiqué.

GSK faisait partie des 39 sociétés pharmaceutiques qui avaient poursuivi le
gouvernement sud-africain devant la justice pour une loi de 1998 visant à
permettre l'importation de médicaments génériques bon marché.

Les groupes pharmaceutiques affirmaient que cela violait leurs droits
exclusifs de propriété intellectuelle, dont le respect est nécessaire à
leurs yeux pour financer leurs recherches.

Il refuse toute fabrication par un laboratoire concurrent d'une version
génériques des produits de GlaxoSmithKline, invoquant le coût de la
recherche nécessaire au développement de ces produits.

GlaxoSmithKline estime que le problème n'est pas le prix lui-même des
médicaments mais le fait que la grande majorité des malades n'y ont pas
accès et ne bénéficient d'aucun suivi médical.

Le groupe pharmaceutique, dont le budget recherche et développement a
atteint 2,510 milliards de livres en 2000, souhaite cependant se prémunir
contre le danger de ré-exportation vers l'Europe ou les Etats-Unis des
médicaments vendus à bas prix dans des pays en voie de développement.


*****************

De l'AZT générique distribué à des orphelins du sida à Nairobi

NAIROBI, 11 juin (AFP) - Soixante-seize enfants séropositifs recevront mardi
pour la première fois un médicament générique anti-rétroviral donné par une
société brésilienne, alors que le parlement doit commencer l'examen d'une
loi ouvrant l'accès à des thérapies anti-sida meilleur marché, indique lundi
un orphelinat de Nairobi.

******************

L'ONU salue la décision d'un laboratoire d'offrir des médicaments
gratuits aux victimes du sida des pays pauvres.
6 juin - Le Programme de l'ONU pour la lutte contre le sida (UNAIDS) s'est
félicité ce matin de la proposition du laboratoire pharmaceutique Pfizer
d'offrir à titre gracieux du Diflucan, médicament qui attaque les infections
cérébrales fongiques et les lésions de l'oesophage des séropositifs du sida
dans les pays pauvres. "La distribution gratuite de Diflucan représente un
important pas en avant dans notre combat contre le fléau", a affirmé
aujourd'hui dans un communiqué le docteur Peter Piot, directeur de l'UNAIDS.
De son côté, la directrice de l'Organisation mondiale de la santé , Gro
Harlem Brundtland, a estimé que ce geste illustrait la volonté du secteur
privé de s'associer à la lutte contre la pandémie.

in
http://www.un.org/french/news

******************

L'ONU applaudit l'offre d'un million de dollars du Crédit Suisse au Fonds
anti-sida.

http://www.unaids.org/whatsnew/press/frn/pressarc01/Winterthur_080601.html

8 juin - Le Programme de l'ONU contre le sida (UNAIDS) et l'Organisation
mondiale de la santé (OMS) se sont félicités aujourd'hui de la décision de
la société suisse Winterthur Insurance, membre du Groupe Crédit suisse, de
donner un million de dollars au Fonds mondial de lutte contre le sida, dont
la constitution a été proposée par le secrétaire général. Il s'agit de la
première donation à ce Fonds par le secteur privé.

******************

E-drug: Note on SA regulations -- PI but not CL
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The following are selections from the new proposed regulations for the
South Africa Medicines Act, which are available on the web here:

http://www.hst.org.za/doh/default.asp
ftp://ftp.hst.org.za/pubs/govdocs/draft/gg22235.pdf
ftp://ftp.hst.org.za/pubs/govdocs/draft/gg22235.doc

Note that the regulations do *not* provide for compulsory licensing --
or for other ways to authorize the import of generic equivalents of
drugs protected by patent in South Africa. This is of course contrary
to a million news reports, which incorrectly and persistently reported
that the court victory over the Medicines Act would permit the South
Africa government to import less expensive generic HIV drugs from India,
China or Brazil. The Act does do quite a bit, including the
authorization of US style generic drug substitution for drugs off
patent, and EU style parallel imports of drugs, regardless of patent
status, as well as sweeping reform of marketing practices and the
creation of a new Pricing Committee that has as its charge the creation
of a transparent pricing system with a single private sector exit price,
an important issue that has not received enough attention. Earlier
proposals for compulsory licensing under 15C of the Medicines Act were
dropped from the regulations, as has been indicated by the Minister and
Directors of Health on numerous occasions.

The Act defines parallel imports as:

parallel importation" means the importation into
the Republic of a medicine under patent in the
Republic that has been put onto the market
outside the Republic by or with the consent of
the patent holder in respect of such medicine.

Note the phrase "by or with the consent of the patent holder." This of
course excludes non-voluntary licenses.

The regulations are out for public comment, and of course, the public
could ask that the regulations be modified, including, for example, by
addition of language on TRIPS Article 31 type compulsory licensing,
although it should be noted that the government has indicated that this
would be more appropriate for amendments to the patent law.

Here are the parallel importation regulations. Jamie

------------------

GOVERNMENT NOTICE

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

NO. 480
1 June 2001

A DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT: GENERAL REGULATIONS IN TERMS OF THE
MEDICINES AND RELATED SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT (101/1965) AS AMENDED

A DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

DRAFT REGULATIONS IN TERMS OF ACT 101 OF 1965, AS AMENDED

DEFINITIONS

1. In these Regulations any expression defined in the Act bears that
meaning and, unless the context otherwise indicates -

"Act" means the Medicines and Related Substances Control Act, 1965
(Act No. 101 of 1965), as amended;

"

PARALLEL IMPORTATION

7. (1) A medicine under patent in the Republic may be imported into
and disposed of in the Republic if such medicine has been put onto the
market outside the Republic by or with the consent of the patent holder
of the medicine in the Republic subject to the provisions of the Act and
these Regulations.

(2) A holder of a certificate of registration for a medicine in the
Republic shall not be entitled, on account of such registration, to
prevent the parallel importation of such medicine into the Republic and
the disposal thereof within the Republic

(3) A person desiring to parallel import a medicine into the
Republic shall apply to the Minister for a licence to parallel import
such a medicine.

(4) The application to the Minister shall be accompanied by

(a) the price at which the medicine is sold in the Republic by the
holder of the certificate of registration;

(b) the price at which the medicine is intended to be sold in the
Republic by the parallel importer;

(c) a declaration by the parallel importer that the medicine to be
parallel imported is a medicine under patent in the Republic;

(d) any other information the Minister deems necessary.

(5) After being issued with a licence to parallel import a medicine
the parallel importer shall apply to the Council to register the
medicine.

(6) The Council shall only register the medicine if the parallel
importer-

(a) has been licenced by the Minister to parallel import the
medicine;

(b) has a registered office in the Republic;

(c) has a storage facility approved by the Council for such
medicine;

(d) has a responsible pharmacist as required in terms of the
Pharmacy Act, 1974;

(e) undertakes to be responsible for ensuring that such medicine
meet the safety, quality and efficacy standards as determined by the
Council;

(f) has in place recall procedures as determined by Council, and

(g) complies with any other conditions as the Council may determine.

(7) An application referred to in subregulation (5) shall be

(a) submitted to the Registrar;

(b) made on a form and accompanied by information as determined by
the Council;

(c) accompanied, by a fee determined by the Council; and

(d) considered and a decision made within the period(s) as
determined by the Council.

(8) An application for the registration of a medicine to be parallel
imported must be accompanied by:

(a) proof of registration of the medicine in the country of export;

(b) copies of the package insert, where applicable, for approval by
the council translated into English and verified;

(c) copies of the sample with appropriate labelling and scheduling
of such medicine;

(d) proof that the final product is safe, efficacious and complies
with all quality requirements and specifications as determined by
council;

(e) certificate of supplier accreditation in the country of export;

(f) information on the exporter's status, whether it is the original
manufacturer, broker, packer, re-packer; and

(8) identity and assay of the medicine.

(9) The Council may require a person who applies for the
registration of a medicine in terms of this regulation to submit to it
relevant test data or samples in respect of such medicine.

(10) Medicines that are parallel imported shall be labelled,
packaged and have package inserts and patient information leaflets as
prescribed in terms of regulations 9 and 10.

(11) The person parallel importing a medicine into the Republic
shall, in the interest of public health, be entitled to use the South
African name and trademark of such medicine, even though the medicine
was marketed outside the Republic under a different name or trademark:
Provided that the name is approved by the Council.

(12) Council may, if it is satisfied with an application in terms of
this regulation, approve the registration of such medicine as a parallel
imported medicine.

(13) A person issued with a licence to parallel import a medicine in
terms of this regulation shall within 14 days after such medicine has
been registered, inform the holder of a certificate of registration in
the Republic of such fact.

(14) The registrar shall keep a separate register of medicines
registered in terms of this regulation.

(15) The registrar shall publish in the Gazette the names of persons
issued with a license to be a parallel importer, and any other
information as the Council may determine.

(16) A licence issued in terms of this regulation is valid for a
period not exceeding one year and may be renewed if an application for
renewal is approved by the Minister.

(17) A parallel importer of a medicine shall

(a) not sell or dispose of such medicine unless such medicine is
registered in the Republic;

(b) only parallel import the medicine from manufacturers;
distributors or wholesalers who are duly licensed in the country of
exportation by the medicines regulatory authority that is recognised by
the Council;

(c) inform the Council within 30 days of any change of conditions
under which the licence was issued, including any material changes to
storage conditions, any change to the particulars of the medicine, and
the cessation of parallel import activities;

(d) ensure that person(s) in charge of premises where the medicine
is stored are appropriately qualified;

(e) maintain proper transaction records;

(f) report to the Council any adverse drug reactions or any other
risks associated with such medicine that might affect its quality,
safety or efficacy; and

(g) maintain emergency action plans for addressing any adverse drug
reactions.

(18) The Minister may, on good cause shown, revoke the licence to
parallel import a medicine.

(19) The Council may, on good cause shown, revoke the registration
of a parallel imported medicine.


--
James Love
Consumer Project on Technology
http://www.cptech.org
1.202.380.3080 fax 1.202.234.5176
mailto:love@cptech.org

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